A mineral is solid matter having a crystalline atomic or molecular structure. World food problems, changes in landuse by agriculture and 32 grazing, effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer pesticide problems, water logging and salinity e. The mineral resources provide the country with the necessary base for industrial development. Mineral resources that are potentially valuable, and for which reasonable prospects exist for eventual economic extraction. The club of rome first drew attention to the depletion of resources at the beginning of the 1970s.
Ppt mineral resources powerpoint presentation free to. Some others are discarded in time because of changes in mineralogical system, their obsolete definition or other reasons. Define mineral resource and list two major types of resources. Definition, examples, types, uses and exploration mineral resources are useful and natural materials for making valuable goods. Texture texture refers to the physical appearance or character of a rock, such as grain size, shape, and arrangement. Availability of mineral resources as a measure of the wealth of a society. Rodriguez2 1department of mining engineering, university of chile.
Concentration of a naturally occurring solid, liquid, or gas in the earths crust in a form and amount such that extracting and converting it into useful materialsitems is currently or potentially profitable. Principles of the mineral resource classification system. Differences in chemical composition and crystal structure distinguish the various species. Geology and mineral resources of ethiopia presented by hundie melka,gse at china mining conference 2016 sep.
At that time the emphasis was on the depletion of fossil and mineral resources. Furthermore, a distinction is made between two broad types of resources, diffuse and point resources, to explore whether the effect. Mineral resources an overview sciencedirect topics. Geological survey general definition of mineral and energy resources the dictionary definition of resource something in reserve or ready if needed has been extended for mineral and energy re. D future global mineral resources geochemical perspectives. The most common classification techniques are based on. A classification of the items comprising the inuse stocks. The committee concludes that all minerals and mineral products could be or could become critical to some degree, depending on their importance and availabilityin the sense that the chemical and physical properties they provide are essential to a specific product or use or more broadly, that specific minerals are an essential input for a national priority for example, national defense or.
Basic types of mineral resources are ore resources, nonore resources, coal, oil and gas alsko known as fossil fuels. Igneous rocks that crystallize slowly beneath the earth s surface, typically have visible individual minerals. Contains details on the geological units of nigeria and the associated mineral resources. Portrait of a planet fifth edition chapter 15 mineral resources cesc 1011020110 fluorite cleavage octahedra major categories of mineral resources metallic gold silver copper lead zinc iron aluminum nonmetallic sand and gravel gypsum halite dimension stone. Pdf economic geology mineral resources find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Pdf classification of mineral deposits into types using. Rocks, minerals, and resources crabtree publishing. Boisvert synopsis a survey of 120 recent ni 43101 technical reports was conducted to evaluate the current state of practice regarding resource classification techniques.
There are some other types of energy like solar energy, wind energy and hydel energy. Pdf geology and mineral resources of kenya with special. One is the dietary minerals, and second is the elements formed due to geographical processes, simply called minerals. Ninetyseven percent of all known mineral types, as defined by the international mineralogical association ima, are represented in the database, as well as many unclassified minerals. Within a mineral species there may be variation in physical properties or minor amounts of impurities that are recognized by mineralogists or wider society as a mineral variety. Different types of mineral resources a mineral is a pure inorganic substance that occurs naturally in the earths crust. Carefully designed figures simplify difficult concepts and show the location of important deposits and trade patterns, emphasising the true global nature of mineral resources. Principles of the mineral resource classification system of the u. Pls explain in detail what is blogger in simple sentences. Types of natural resources types of natural resources nothing in nature is a resource. Minerals provide the material used to make most of the things of industrial based society. Jan 26, 2014 mineral resources uses and exploitation environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources case studies 3.
Selection file type icon file name description size revision time user. Apr 25, 2017 natural resources ppt pdf free to download. Nearly 4000 mineral species are known but unfortunately only few hundreds are common. Mineral resources include nonfood, nonfuel materials such as metals e. May 23, 2017 here is a post which is set to give you information on the complete list of mineral resources in nigeria and thier location. Jul 25, 2014 mineral resources and types of mining 1. We can divide the energy resources into two main types.
Valuation methods of mineral resources estrella domingo. Download the usgs mineral resources poster mineral resources. Pdf 4minerals 2020 is the most comprehensive collection of mineral data in the world. The australian jorc and canadian 43101 regulations are very similar although the 43101 is a bit more stringent on what must be disclosed. We require metals for making machines, sands and gravels for making roads and buildings, sand for making computer chips, limestone and gypsum for making concrete, clays for making ceramics, gold, silver, copper and aluminum for making electric circuits, and diamonds and corundum sapphire, ruby, emerald for. The geology of nigeria is dominated by three major rock types. Mineral deposits and resources of oklahoma pdf ogs educational. Geographyminerals and energy resources class 10 notes social. Geology and mineral resources of kenya with special emphasis on minerals around mombasa. Mineral resources, economics and the environment 2nd ed. Mineral resources are nonrenewable and include metals e. Download revision notes for mineral and energy resources class 12 notes geography and score high in exams. Review of geology and mineral resources of nigeria. Ifrs 6 exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources.
We have grouped the mineral resources per state, so you can easily know the mineral resources in every state of the country. What are minerals and energy resources types, uses, videos. Asia has enormous reserves of coal, amounting to nearly threefifths of the worlds total, but they are unevenly distributed. Essentials of mineral exploration and evaluation 1st edition.
Even rocks, coal or oil are considered to be minerals. Valuation methods of mineral resources appropriation method disadvantages practice, fees, taxes and royalties tend to understate resource rent as they may be set by governments with other priorities in mind. Different types of belt conveyors and their applications in. Complete list of mineral resources in nigeria and their. A list to some major types of ore deposits and a link book download. Mineral resources become concentrated in earths crust as a result of specific geologic processes associated with the formation of rocks. Principles of the mineral resource classification system of. A mineral resource is a concentration or occurrence of solid material of economic interest in or on the earths crust in such form, grade or quality and quantity that there are reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction. A lesson on sharing the importance of rocks, minerals, and resources students should read the books in the rocks, minerals, and resources series and become acquainted with the rocks, minerals, and resources featured in the series. Mining and mineral resources mining and mineral resources what is a mineral. Indonesia, japan, and north korea have smaller but nevertheless economically important reserves.
Geologists are not just interested in using rock types to understand the geologic history of a region. Recycling saves trees and water in the case of paper. Thoroughly updated, the text includes a new chapter on technology industry metals as well as separate chapters on mineral economics and environmental geochemistry. Investing in the minerals industry in liberia high resolution 9.
Fully illustrated to cover the stateoftheart exploration techniques and evaluation of mineral assets being practiced globally, this uptodate reference offers balanced coverage of the latest. We can save natural resources by using materials more than once. The general definition of a mineral encompasses the following criteria. A classification of mineral resources with some important examples. As the mineralogical system evolves, the list of minerals slowly grows. Mineral and energy national council of educational. Examples of nonmetallic resources include minerals like sand, gravel, gypsum, halite, uranium, and dimension stone. Growing up to 17 trees saves up to one ton of paper from recycled stock and uses 50 percent less energy. In this chapter, we shall discuss the availability of various types of mineral and energy resources in the country. Mineral resourcemineral resource is defined as aoccurrence of natural, solid, inorganicor fossilized organic material in or onthe earths crust in such form andquantity and of such a grade or qualitythat it has reasonable prospects foreconomic extraction. Explores the composition and properties of the mineral groups. Mineral resources examples, types, characteristics.
Mineral resources, stocks and flows, recycling, models and. The ability to use mineral resources as a means of creating wealth opens the possibility that a given. Classification of mineral deposits into types using mineralogy with a probabilistic neural network article pdf available in natural resources research 61. We require metals for making machines, sands and gravels for making roads and buildings, sand for making computer chips, limestone and gypsum for making concrete, clays for making ceramics, gold, silver, copper and aluminum for making electric circuits, and diamonds and corundum. In basic terms both state that a company cant disclose their tonnes and grade of a deposit unless its being classified either as a mineral resource or reserve. Useful notes on the types and uses of mineral resources. Mineral variety names and mineraloids are to be listed after the valid minerals for each letter. Here, we explain to you the various types of minerals. This unit contains a mini book describing the different mineral resources found in virginia, and their uses, a power point of mineral resources, a graphic organizer for students to describe the mineral resources, and a crossword puzzle of key terms. Mar 16, 2018 download cbse class 12th revision notes for chapter 7 mineral and energy resources in pdf format for free. Almost all earth materials are used by humans for something. The process of extracting out mineral from earth is called mining e. It is also important to understand the distribution of rocks and minerals for practical applications. The natural resources may be defined as any material given to us by nature which can be transformed in a way that it becomes more valuable and useful.
The largest reserves are found in siberia, the central asian republics, india, and especially china. Examples of metallic resources include minerals like gold, silver, tin, copper, lead, zinc, iron, nickel, chromium, and aluminium. These are the mineral and energy resources class 12 notes prepared by team of expert teachers. Within a mineral species there may be variation in physical properties or minor amounts of impurities that are recognized by mineralogists or. The great dyke plays host to the worlds largest high grade chromite resource base.
This is a list of minerals for which there are articles on wikipedia minerals are distinguished by various chemical and physical properties. Mineral resources and mineral reserves, and for their respective subcategories, measured, indicated and inferred mineral resources, and proved and probable mineral reserves. It was assumed that various important natural resources such as oil and various metal ores would be exhausted within a few decades. These include in addition to iron, as the basis of steel, various less widely spread minerals such as the ores of nickel, manganese, titanium, tungsten, etc. In terms related to mining also rocks are labeled as a mineral resource, keep in mind that strict mineral definition does not apply here. Essentials of mineral exploration and evaluation offers a thorough overview of methods used in mineral exploration campaigns, evaluation, reporting and economic assessment processes. Increasing energy needs, renewable non renewable, 35 use of alternate energy sources, case studies f. Minerals are naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solids having a definite chemical composition and characteristic physical properties.
Ppt energy and mineral resources powerpoint presentation. Earths mineral resources can be divided into several broad categories based on. Here is a post which is set to give you information on the complete list of mineral resources in nigeria and thier location. Hence, extra care must be given to reduce the wastage of mineral resources. Mineral and energy resources class 12 notes geography. A mineral is a natural substance of organic or inorganic origin with definite chemical and physical properties. The next one up from that is the indicated mineral resources which is that part of resource for which quantity, grade or quality can be estimated with sufficient confidence to support mine planning and evaluation of the economic viability, its based on outcrops, trenches, workings, and drill holes that are close enough for grade continuity. Komatiiteassociated nickel deposits layered maficultramafic intrusion deposits skarn deposits fractionated granitoidassociated deposits porphyryassociated deposits iron oxide copper gold deposits syndeformational hydrothermal and replacement deposits orogenic gold deposits carbonate. Geology and mineral resources of nigeria nuhu george obaje. Part 1 discusses the geology of the crystalline rocks and their regional distribution while the sedimentary basins constitute the subject of part 2.
More than twothousand minerals have been identified and most of these are inorganic, which are formed by the various combination of elements. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Mineral resource classification is the classification of mineral resources based on an increasing level of geological knowledge and confidence. The various sources of energy are coal, petroleum, natural gas. Portrait of a planet fifth edition university of notre dame. The development of the available mineral resources. A fourth brochure which summarises the mineral resource potential in liberia for a wide range of other commodities is also available to download. Pdf economic geology mineral resources researchgate. Minerals occur on many places which are usually known as occurence they are either not economically important or there was no prospection done yet. These natural resources include, air, wa ter, soil, minerals, along with the climate and. The development of the available mineral resources will engender the regular supply.
The word mineral is used to refer to two different kinds of components. Demand for minerals is increasing world wide as the population increases and the consumption demands of individual people increase. What are minerals and energy resources types, uses. Mineral refers to the inorganic substances which are produced in nature and are obtained in some combined state.